Fixing Corrupted Forms

How to handle XFA forms, broken AcroForms, and Apple Preview corruption.

The Apple Preview Bug

One of the most common causes of PDF form corruption is Apple's built-in Preview app on macOS. When a user fills a form in Preview and saves it, Preview often rewrites the AcroForm dictionary incorrectly, stripping appearance streams or misaligning the xref table.

If a Windows user opens that same file in Adobe Reader, the fields often appear blank. To fix this, the file must be either opened and re-saved in a compliant viewer, or flattened immediately after filling.

Technical Details

Form Type Architecture Support Status
AcroFormsStandard PDF DictionaryWidely supported
Static XFAXML embedded in PDFSupported mainly by Adobe
Dynamic XFADynamic XML/JSRarely supported outside Adobe
Corrupted AcroFormBroken DictionaryNeeds flattening or repair

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Common Mistakes

  • Trying to fill XFA forms in a web browser (they will usually just display a 'Please wait...' message).
  • Trusting Apple Preview for critical legal documents.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can your tool fix an already corrupted form?

If the data is still in the dictionary, flattening it might force the appearance streams to render. However, severe corruption is irreversible.

What is XFA?

XML Forms Architecture, an older, proprietary format created by Adobe, which is now deprecated in PDF 2.0.